For example, London's Baker Street station is adorned with tiles depicting Sherlock Holmes. Metro stations, more so than railway and bus stations, often have a characteristic artistic design that can identify each stop. The doors add cost and complexity to the system, and trains may have to approach the station more slowly so they can stop in accurate alignment with them. These open, like elevator doors, only when a train is stopped, and thus eliminate the hazard that a passenger will accidentally fall (or deliberately jump) onto the tracks and be run over or electrocuted.Ĭontrol over ventilation of the platform is also improved, allowing it to be heated or cooled without having to do the same for the tunnels. In some stations, especially where trains are fully automated, the entire platform is screened from the track by a wall, typically of glass, with automatic platform-edge doors (PEDs). Transfer stations handle more passengers than regular stations, with additional connecting tunnels and larger concourses to reduce walking times and manage crowd flows. Some metro stations are interchanges, serving to transfer passengers between lines or transport systems. Ī subway station may provide additional facilities, such as toilets, kiosks and amenities for staff and security services, such as Transit police. Stations are a critical part of the evacuation route for passengers escaping from a disabled or troubled train. In addition, there will be stringent requirements for emergencies, with backup lighting, emergency exits and alarm systems installed and maintained. This is resolved with elevators, taking a number of people from street level to the unpaid ticketing area, and then from the paid area to the platform. Most jurisdictions mandate that people with disabilities must have unassisted use of the station. Some metro stations have direct connections to important nearby buildings (see underground city). Permanent or temporary barriers may be used to manage crowds. The station will be designed to minimise overcrowding and improve flow, sometimes by designating tunnels as one way. Īccess from the street to ticketing and the train platform is provided by stairs, concourses, escalators, elevators and tunnels. Some metro systems dispense with paid zones and validate tickets with staff in the train carriages. The barrier may operated by staff or more typically with automated turnstiles or gates that open when a transit pass is scanned or detected. The ticket barrier allows passengers with valid tickets to pass between these zones. The station is divided into an unpaid zone connected to the street, and a paid zone connected to the train platforms. Ī metro station typically provides ticket vending and ticket validating systems. Often there are several entrances for one station, saving pedestrians from needing to cross a street and reducing crowding. Usually, signage shows the name of the station and describes the facilities of the station and the system it serves. Both a pictographic 'running man' exit sign and the written 'Way Out' signage point the way.Īt street level the logo of the metro company marks the entrances/exits of the station. Signage directing passengers to the exit of a station on Vancouver's Canada Line. Alternatively, a preexisting railway land corridor is re-purposed for rapid transit. Metros are most commonly used in urban cities, with great populations. Planners will often take metro lines or parts of lines at or above ground where urban density decreases, extending the system further for less cost.
The physical, visual and economic impact of the station and its operations will be greater.
In other cases, a station may be elevated above a road, or at ground level depending on the level of the train tracks. This is especially important where the station is serving high-density urban precincts, where ground-level spaces are already heavily utilised. Placing the station underground reduces the outside area occupied by the station, allowing vehicles and pedestrians to continue using the ground-level area in a similar way as before the station's construction. The bulk of the station is typically positioned under land reserved for public thoroughfares or parks. Most stations are located underground, with entrances/exits leading up to ground or street level. The location of a metro station is carefully planned to provide easy access to important urban facilities such as roads, commercial centres, major buildings and other transport nodes.
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